DC-DC Converter Topologies
DC-to-DC converters take a DC input voltage and produce a required DC output voltage, which can be higher or lower than the input voltage. Some DC-DC conversion can be done with linear regulators, when the required output voltage is less than the input. In general, linear DC-DC regulators are less efficient than switching DC-DC converters, but often cost less and have smaller footprint and lower noise. The greater the difference between Vin and Vout, the worse the linear regulator efficiency. Switching converters have higher efficiencies, but are more complex to design.
The following figure compares the integration levels of switching DC-DC converters:
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